Bibliographic record
Abstract
The development of population in a region affect the chance in business world including the Beef Cattle Breeding Industry.The increase of pupulation is usually not followed by the increase of products availability, such as cattle.One of the problems in the marketing system of cattle products is on how to decide a good marketing pattern for cattle products in order to make it sustainable.The development of livestock business in North Sulawesi is supported by the availability of cattle market.The cattle central market is in Manado, Tomohon and Minahasa.Based on the problems above, this research is aimed at determining the marketing structure of beef cattle in North Sulawesi.This research was conducted in North Sulawesi on the cattle marketing model with a purpose to find out the market structure of integrated model of beef cattle marketing and the efficiency of cattle marketing in Manado City with its pasar blantek in Tomohon and Minahasa City.The result of market structure of the beef cattle marketing in North Sulawesi are as follows:(1) The calculation results in a percentage of Concentration Ratio (KR) on three (3) collecting markets of 85.86 percent, shows that the structure of the market tends to lead to the high-concentration oligopsony market.The analysis showed that the magnitude of price transmission elasticity (B) is approximately 0.915 for Manado market, 0.936 for Tomohon market, and 0.817 for Minahasa market (not equal to 1), indicate that the marketing of beef in Manado, Tomohon and Minahasa is less efficient, (2) From the result of simultaneous model, three out of four independent variables are significant in determining the prices in the producers level (Y) in Manado, Tomohon, and Minahasa markets, that are the prices in the retail level (X1), supply (X3), and demand (X4), (3) The calculation of the short-term Indeks Market Connection (IMC) between the producers and the retailers markets in Manado, Tomohon, and Minahasa Market is not equal to 1, means that the prices between the producers and retailers in those three markets are not integrated (the markets are not run efficiently).It shows that in a short-term, if there is a price change, will not affect the price change in producers market.The price integration in the producers and retailers level, in a long-term, shows the coefficient which is not equal to 1, means that in a long term, the producers and consumers markets will be integrated perfectly, in which the prices of both markets are mutually affecting.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.968 | 0.968 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".