Functions of Arabidopsis CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase 1 in phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis and root growth
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is a crucial membrane phospholipid involved in both cellular processes and stress responses. CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase 1 (CCT1) is considered to catalyze a key regulatory step in primary PC de novo biosynthesis, but its functions and regulation are yet to be well elucidated. This study explored the physiological functions of CCT1 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) (AthCCT1) in PC biosynthesis under normal growth conditions and in root development under osmotic stress, as well as its regulation by phosphorylation. Arabidopsis cct1 knockdown cct2 knockout lines exhibited significantly decreased PC intensities under normal growth conditions and impaired root growth under osmotic stress, which was rescued by AthCCT1 overexpression. Moreover, based on our previous findings that AthCCT1 is phosphorylated at Serine 187 (S187), we further investigated how this phosphorylation affects its biochemical and biological functions. The S187D phosphomimetic protein mutant of AthCCT1 exhibited reduced lipid-induced conformational changes and decreased enzymatic activity compared to the native protein. Molecular dynamics simulations of the S187D protein mutant revealed that the auto-inhibitory region, a conserved regulatory domain across CCT enzymes, remained closer to the αE helix, maintaining a constrained interaction between them. Consistent with the results of the in vitro analyses, overexpression of AthCCT1-S187D did not rescue stress-induced short-root phenotypes in cct1 knockdown cct2 knockout Arabidopsis lines. Taken together, the results revealed that AthCCT1 regulates PC biosynthesis under normal conditions and root development under osmotic stress, with its phosphorylation state at S187 playing an important role in modulating its enzymatic activity and physiological functions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".