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Record W4411676089 · doi:10.36713/epra22763

EXPLORING THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF DRUG-RESISTANT MALARIA AND TYPHOID FEVER CO-INFECTION

2025· article· en· W4411676089 on OpenAlexaff
Amarachukwu I.O. Ofomata, Makiko Obi, Nneka O. Iheonu, Nnamdi Nonso Araka, Andrew Omame, Chukwuemeka O. Agwu

Bibliographic record

VenueEPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD) · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicHepatitis B Virus Studies
Canadian institutionsYork University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsTyphoid feverMalariaVirologyDrugMedicineDrug resistanceImmunologyMicrobiologyBiologyPharmacology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Antimalarial drug resistance has become one of the biggest threats to efforts employed in the tackle and control of malaria in endemic countries. This study presents and analyzes a new deterministic model for the co-infection of drug-resistant malaria and typhoid fever transmission dynamics. The model includes new compartments for individuals dually infected with drug resistant malaria and typhoid fever and allows for disease transmission by those individuals. The model is observed to exhibit the phenomenon of backward bifurcation when the associated reproduction number is less than unity, R0 < 1. Keywords: Backward bifurcation, Drug resistant malaria, Typhoid fever, Co-infection 2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: 34C60, 92C42, 92D30, 92D25, 93A30

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.003
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.254
Threshold uncertainty score0.289

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0030.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.168
GPT teacher head0.417
Teacher spread0.249 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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