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Measurement of the branching fractions of doubly Cabibbo-suppressed D decays
M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson, O. Afedulidis, X. C. Ai, R. Aliberti, A. Amoroso, O. Bakina, I. Balossino, Y. Ban, H. -R. Bao, V. Batozskaya, K. Begzsuren, N. Berger, M. Berlowski, M. Bertani, D. Bettoni, F. Bianchi, Elena Del Bianco, A. Bortone, I. Boyko, R. A. Briere, A. Brueggemann, H. Cai, X.D. Cai, A. Calcaterra, G. F. Cao, N. Cao, S. A. Cetin, X. Y. Chai, J. F. Chang, G. R., Y. Z., G. Chelkov, C. Chen, C. H. Chen, C. Chen, G. Chen, H. S. Chen, H. Y. Chen, M. L. Chen, S. J. Chen, S. L. Chen, Shaomin Chen, T. Chen, X. R. Chen, X. T. Chen, Y. B. Chen, Y. Q. Chen, Z. J. Chen, Z. Y. Chen, S. K. Choi, G. Cibinetto, F. Cossio, J. J. Cui, H. L. Dai, J. P. Dai, A. Dbeyssi, R. E. de Boer, Dmitri Dedovich, C. Q. Deng, Z. Y. Deng, A. Denig, I. Denysenko, M. Destefanis, F. De Mori, B. Ding, X. X. Ding, Y. Ding, Y. Ding, J. Dong, L. Y. Dong, M. Y. Dong, X. Dong, M. C. Du, S. X. Du, Y. Y. Duan, Z. H. Duan, P. Egorov, Y. H. Fan, S. S. Fang, W. X. Fang, Y. Fang, Y. Fang, R. Farinelli, L. Fava, F. Feldbauer, G. Felici, Chunsheng Feng, J. H. Feng, Yutong Feng, M. Fritsch, C. D. Fu, J. L. Fu, Y. Fu, He Gao, X. B. Gao, Yang Gao, Yang Gao, S. Garbolino, I. Garzia, Lin Ge, P. T. Ge, Z. W. Ge, C. Geng, E. M. Gersabeck, A. Gilman, K. Goetzen, L. Gong, W. X. Gong, W. Gradl, S. Gramigna, M. Greco, M. H. Gu, Y. T. Gu, C. Y. Guan, A. Q. Guo, L. B. Guo, M. J. Guo, R. P. Guo, Y. Guo, A. Guskov, J. Gutiérrez, K. L. Han, T. T. Han, F. Hanisch, X. Q. Hao, F. A. Harris, K. K. He, K. L. He, F. H. Heinsius, C. H. Heinz, Y. K. Heng, C. Herold, T. Holtmann, P. C. Hong, G. Y. Hou, X. T. Hou, Y. R. Hou, Z. L. Hou, Bingwen Hu, H. Hu, J. F. Hu, Q. P. Hu, S. L. Hu, T. Hu, Yiming Hu, G. S. Huang, K. X. Huang, L. Q. Huang, X. T. Huang, Y. P. Huang, Y. S. Huang, T. Hussain, F. Hölzken, N. Hüsken, N. in der Wiesche, J. Jackson, S. Janchiv, J. H. Jeong, Q. P. Ji, Q. P. Ji, W. Ji, X. B. Ji, X. L. Ji, Y. Y. Ji, X. Q. Jia, Z. Jiao, D. Jiang, H. B. Jiang, P. C. Jiang, S. S. Jiang, T. J. Jiang, X. S. Jiang, Yin Jiang, J. B. Jiao, J. K. Jiao, Zongxia Jiao, S. Jin, Y. Jin, M. Q. Jing, X. M. Jing, T. Johansson, S. Kabana, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, X. L. Kang, X. S. Kang, M. Kavatsyuk, B. C. Ke, V. Khachatryan, A. Khoukaz, R. Kiuchi, O. B. Kolcu, B. Kopf, M. Kuessner, X. Kui, N. Kumar, A. Kupsc, W. Kühn, L. Lavezzi, T. T. Lei, Z. H. Lei, M. Lellmann, C. Li, C. Li, C. H. Li, B. Li, D. M. Li, F. Li, G. Li, H. B. Li, H. J. Li, H. N. Li, Hui Li, J. R. Li, J. S. Li, Kang Li, K. L. Li, L. J. Li, L. K. Li, L. Li, M. H. Li, P. R. Li, Q. M. Li, Q. X. Li, R. Li, S. X. Li, T. Li, W. D. Li, W. G. Li, Xiang Li, X. H. Li, X. L. Li, X. Y. Li, X. Z. Li, Y. G. Li, Z. J. Li, Z. Y. Li, C. Liang, H. Liang, Hongwei Liang, Y. F. Liang, Y. T. Liang, G. R. Liao, Y. P. Liao, J. Libby, A. Limphirat, C. C. Lin, C. X. Lin, D. X. Lin, Tongyan Lin, B. J. Liu, B. X. Liu, C. W. Liu, C. X. Liu, F. Liu, F. H. Liu, F. Liu, G. M. Liu, H. Liu, H. B. Liu, H. H. Liu, H. M. Liu, H. Liu, J. B. Liu, J. Y. Liu, K. Y. Liu, K. Y. Liu, K. Liu, L. Liu, L. C. Liu, Lu Liu, M. H. Liu, P. L. Liu, Q. Liu, S. B. Liu, T. Liu, W. K. Liu, W. M. Liu, X. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. B. Liu, Z. A. Liu, Zhidan Liu, Z. Q. Liu, X. Lou, F. X. Lu, H. J. Lu, J. G. Lu, Xiaoli Lu, Yi Lu, Y. P. Lu, Zhonghua Lu, C. L. Luo, J. R. Luo, M. X. Luo, T. Luo, X. L. Luo, X. R. Lyu, Y. F. Lyu, F. C., Hailong Ma, H. L., J. L., L. L., L. R., M. M., Q. M. Ma, R. Q., T. Ma, X. T., X. Y., Y. M., F. E. Maas, I. Mackay, M. Maggiora, S. Malde, Yaxian Mao, Z. P. Mao, S. Marcello, Z. X. Meng, J. G. Messchendorp, G. Mezzadri, H. Miao, Tianjue Min, R. E. Mitchell, X. H. Mo, B. Moses, N. Yu. Muchnoi, J. Muskalla, Y. Nefedov, F. Nerling, L. S. Nie, I. B. Nikolaev, Zengping Ning, S. Nisar, Q. L. Niu, W. D. Niu, Yunyun Niu, S. L. Olsen, Q. Ouyang, S. Pacetti, X. Pan, Y. Pan, A. Pathak, Y. P. Pei, M. Pelizaeus, H. P. Peng, Y. Y. Peng, K. Peters, J. L. Ping, R. G. Ping, S. Plura, V. Prasad, F. Z. Qi, H. R. Qi, H. R. Qi, M. Qi, T. Y. Qi, S. Qian, W. B. Qian, C. F. Qiao, X. K. Qiao, J. J. Qin, L. Q. Qin, X. P. Qin, X. S. Qin, Z. H. Qin, J. F. Qiu, Z. H. Qu, C. F. Redmer, K. J. Ren, A. Rivetti, M. Rolo, G. Rong, Ch. Rosner, M. Q. Ruan, S. N. Ruan, N. Salone, A. Sarantsev, Y. Schelhaas, K. Schoenning, M. Scodeggio, K. Y. Shan, W. Shan, X. Y. Shan, Z. J. Shang, J. F. Shangguan, L. G. Shao, M. Shao, C. P. Shen, H. F. Shen, W. H. Shen, X. Y. Shen, B. A. Shi, H. C. Shi, H. C. Shi, J. L. Shi, J. Y. Shi, Q. Q. Shi, S. Y. Shi, X. Shi, Jingjing Song, T. Z. Song, W. M. Song, Yanan Song, Y. X. Song, S. Sosio, S. Spataro, F. Stieler, S. Su, Y. J. Su, G. B. Sun, G. X. Sun, Huiying Sun, H. K. Sun, J. F. Sun, K. Sun, L. Sun, S. S. Sun, Tao Sun, W. Y. Sun, Y. Sun, Y. J. Sun, Y. Z. Sun, Ziqi Sun, Z. T. Sun, C. J. Tang, G. Y. Tang, Jianxia Tang, M. Tang, Y. A. Tang, L. Y. Tao, Q. T. Tao, M. Tat, J. X. Teng, V. Thoren, W. H. Tian, Y. Tian, Z. F. Tian, I. Uman, S. J. Wang, B. Wang, B. L. Wang, B. Wang, D. Y. Wang, Fei Wang, H. J. Wang, J. J. Wang, J. P. Wang, K. Wang, L. L. Wang, M. Wang, N. Y. Wang, S. Wang, Shuang Wang, T. Wang, T. J. Wang, W. Wang, W. P. Wang, X. Wang, X. F. Wang, X. J. Wang, X. L. Wang, X. N. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. D. Wang, Y. F. Wang, Yanlong Wang, Yeliang Wang, Y. N. Wang, Y. Q. Wang, Yaqian Wang, Yi Wang, Zheng Wang, Z. L. Wang, Z. Y. Wang, Z. Wang, D. H. Wei, F. Weidner, S. P. Wen, Y. R. Wen, U. Wiedner, G. Wilkinson, M. Wolke, L. Wollenberg, C. Wu, J. F. Wu, L. H. Wu, L. J. Wu, X. Wu, Xiaohong Wu, Y. Wu, Y. H. Wu, Yue Wu, Z. Wu, X. M. Xian, B. H. Xiang, Tong Xiang, D. Xiao, G. Y. Xiao, S. Y. Xiao, Y. L. Xiao, Z. J. Xiao, C. Xie, X. H. Xie, Y. G. Xie, Y. G. Xie, Y. H. Xie, Zhipeng Xie, T. Y. Xing, Changhua Xu, C. J. Xu, G. F. Xu, H. Y. Xu, M. Xu, Qian Xu, Q. N. Xu, W. Xu, W. L. Xu, X. P. Xu, Yue Xu, Y. C. Xu, Z. S. Xu, F. Yan, L. Yan, W. B. Yan, W. C. Yan, X. Q. Yan, H. J. Yang, H. L. Yang, H. X. Yang, J. H. Yang, T. Yang, Yong Yang, Y. F. Yang, Y. F. Yang, Y. X. Yang, Z. W. Yang, Z. P. Yao, M. Ye, M. H. Ye, J. H. Yin, J. H. Yin, Z. Y. You, B. X. Yu, C. X. Yu, Gang Yu, J. S. Yu, Ming Yu, T. Yu, X. D. Yu, Yu Ye, C. Z. Yuan, Jiajun Yuan, J. Yuan, L. Yuan, S. C. Yuan, Yanan Yuan, Z. Y. Yuan, Chuan Yue, A. A. Zafar, F. R. Zeng, S. H. Zeng, X. Zeng, Yunchuan Zeng, Y. J. Zeng, X. Y. Zhai, Y. C. Zhai, Y. H. Zhan, A. Q. Zhang, B. L. Zhang, B. X. Zhang, D. H. Zhang, G. Y. Zhang, H. Zhang, H. C. Zhang, H. Q. Zhang, Hongrui Zhang, H. Y. Zhang, J. Zhang, J. J. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, J. Q. Zhang, J. S. Zhang, J. W. Zhang, J. X. Zhang, J. Y. Zhang, J. Z. Zhang, J. Zhang, L. M. Zhang, Lei Zhang, P. Zhang, Q. Y. Zhang, Ruiyao Zhang, S. H. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. M. Zhang, XY Zhang, X. Y. Zhang, Yu Zhang, Y. T. Zhang, Y. H. Zhang, Yizhuo Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. D. Zhang, Z. H. Zhang, Z. L. Zhang, Z. Y. Zhang, Z. Z. Zhang, G. Zhao, J. Y. Zhao, J. Z. Zhao, L. Zhao, Lei Zhao, M. G. Zhao, N. Zhao, R. P. Zhao, S. J. Zhao, Y. B. Zhao, Y. X. Zhao, Z. G. Zhao, A. Zhemchugov, B. Zheng, B. M. Zheng, J. P. Zheng, W. J. Zheng, Y. H. Zheng, B. Zhong, X. Zhong, H. Zhou, Jianying Zhou, L. P. Zhou, S. Zhou, X. Zhou, X. K. Zhou, X. R. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, Y. Z. Zhou, Z. C. Zhou, A. N. Zhu, Jing Zhu, K. J. Zhu, K. J. Zhu, K. S. Zhu, Lei Zhu, L. X. Zhu, S. H. Zhu, T. J. Zhu, Weidong Zhu, Y. C. Zhu, Z. A. Zhu, J. H. Zou, J. Zu
Bibliographic record
VenueJournal of High Energy Physics · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicParticle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Canadian institutionsInstitute of Particle Physics
FundersShanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyCAS Center for Excellence in Particle PhysicsDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftSwedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher EducationIstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareVetenskapsrådetNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaChinese Academy of SciencesKnut och Alice Wallenbergs StiftelseNational Research FoundationStrongNational Research Foundation of KoreaInstitute of High Energy PhysicsU.S. Department of Energy
KeywordsPhysicsParticle physicsBranching fractionNuclear physicsCabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrixBranching (polymer chemistry)Quark
Abstract
A bstract By analyzing e + e − collision data collected at the center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb − 1 , we measure the branching fractions of the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed (DCS) decays D 0 → K + π − , D 0 → K + π − π − π + , D 0 → K + π − π 0 , D 0 → K + π − π 0 π 0 , D + → K + π + π − , and D + → K + K + K − . We also perform the first searches for D 0 → K + π − η , D 0 → K + π − π 0 η , D + → K + π + π − η , D + → K + ( π + π − η ) non −η ′ , and D + → K + ηη and report the first observations and evidence for some of these final states. Combining the measurements with the world averages of the corresponding Cabibbo-favored (CF) decays, the ratios of the DCS/CF branching fractions are obtained. For the D + → K + ( π + π − η ) non −η ′ decay, the ratio is significantly larger than the corresponding ratios of the other DCS decays.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.003
Threshold uncertainty score0.007
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.012
GPT teacher head0.249
Teacher spread0.236 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
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Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes