An ecological trait matrix of Neotropical freshwater fishes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Neotropical freshwater fish (NFF) fauna constitutes the most diverse continental vertebrate assemblage on Earth, with more than 6,345 species distributed across South America, Central America, and the Greater Antilles. These species display a bewildering array of ecophysiological and behavioral traits, or ecotraits, used to exploit habitat and food resources across geographical, climatic, and seasonal gradients. Despite intensive taxonomic and systematic studies, the literature on ecological preferences and tolerances of NFF species is scattered and incomplete, and we have previously lacked a centralized database. Here we present the first comprehensive dataset of ecotraits for the NFF fauna using published data and expert knowledge from the community of Neotropical ichthyologists. This ecomatrix includes adult modal values for 42 ecotraits scored for all valid NFF species, including body size, four of habitat utilization related to water chemistry, 21 of physical habitat structure, 10 of diet (i.e. trophic guilds), and six other behavioral traits. This ecomatrix is a foundation for future studies on the ecology and conservation of Neotropical aquatic biodiversity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".