Phosphate resupply differentially impacts the shoot and root proteomes of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> seedlings
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Phosphate (Pi) is an essential macronutrient for plant development that is often limited in soil environments. Plants have evolved myriad dynamic biochemical, physiological, and morphological adaptations to cope with nutritional Pi deficiency, collectively known as the Pi starvation response (PSR). While many components of the PSR have been well-characterized, much less is known about how metabolic homeostasis is re-established upon Pi resupply, particularly with respect to tissue- and time-specific adaptations. Here, we applied label-free quantitative proteomics to quantify protein-level changes in Arabidopsis thaliana shoots and roots following Pi resupply after prolonged Pi deprivation, quantifying a total of ∼2,700 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs). Sampling at early (1 h) and late (48 h) time-points, we captured a combination of immediate signaling and metabolic responses, along with longer-term recovery processes. Early responses prioritized metabolic adjustments to restore Pi pools via enhanced glycolysis and energy production, followed by later shifts toward anabolism, including nucleotide production, membrane remodeling, and protein synthesis. Several key enzymes, including ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE 1A, FRUCTOSE- BISPHOSPHATE ALDOLASE 5, and subunits of PHOTOSYSTEM I exhibited unique tissue-specific and time-dependent regulation. Overall, our findings reveal dynamic temporal phases of metabolic reprogramming during recovery from Pi starvation, and identify candidate proteins involved in orchestrating this transition, ultimately identifying potential targets for enhancing Pi uptake- and use-efficiency in crops. While hydroponic liquid culture enabled precise control of Pi availability, soil responses may be further influenced by heterogeneity and other root interactions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".