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Information, representation, and cognition

2025· article· en· W4411983994 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueNew Ideas in Psychology · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldNeuroscience
TopicCognitive Science and Education Research
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Toronto
FundersConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
KeywordsCognitionPsychologyCognitive scienceRepresentation (politics)Cognitive psychologyNeurosciencePolitical science

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This article discusses the concept of information in the context of its application in theories of cognition mainly those based on the idea of consciousness as information processing. The concept of Natural Information is presented as a complement to the classic Shannon’s information model by shifting the focus of the information concept from the message to the entire communication system. This model proposes that: (1) Information is not something itself but it is always about something; (2) Information is not an object but a relationship; (3) Information is an emergent property of interfaces; (4) Information is the subset of elements of a given instance connected, related, caused, or paired with elements of another instance; (5) Information is present in the universe at all organizational levels including mental states; (6) Information is physically made of the same substance as the instance that acquires the information. We introduce the concepts of codable and non-codable elements of information to account for the emergence of meaning and qualia. The contribution of these concepts to the discussions about the emergence of meaning and the structure of self are discussed. We propose this model as a road map to describe information processing in mental processes locating classic ideas and old problems in the context of new concepts. Our model is still a work in progress aiming to contribute to the understanding of the role of information in computational, psychological, and social contexts.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Other design · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.734
Threshold uncertainty score0.255

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.070
GPT teacher head0.469
Teacher spread0.399 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it