Non‐Canonical Splice Site Variant in <i>FREM1</i> Result in Fetal Renal Agenesis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Loss-of-function variants in FREM1 have been demonstrated in Manitoba oculotrichoanal syndrome (MOTA) and bifid nose, renal agenesis, and anorectal malformations (BNAR) syndrome, but the broader phenotypic spectrum of FREM1 variants remains incompletely characterized. In this study, we report compound heterozygous variants in a prenatal case of bilateral renal agenesis. Exome sequencing revealed biallelic FREM1 variants: c.5622G>A (p.Trp1874*) and c.3274+4A>G (p.Gly1030_Ile1091del). Minigene and bioinformatic analyses confirmed that the splice site variant induces aberrant splicing and alters transcriptional expression levels. This finding underscores the crucial role of non-canonical splice site variants in FREM1 in the pathogenesis of bilateral renal agenesis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".