Molecular determinants of nucleic acid recognition by an RNA-targeting ADP-ribosyltransferase toxin
Bibliographic record
Abstract
to catalyze ADP-ribosylation reactions that regulate diverse cellular pathways in eukaryotes or function as toxins delivered by bacteria to kill competitor or host cells. Although most characterized ARTs target proteins, we recently identified RhsP2 as an antibacterial ART toxin that modifies the 2'-OH groups of structured RNAs during bacterial competition. However, the molecular basis for RhsP2's unique specificity toward RNA remains poorly understood. Here, we show that RhsP2 is a divergent member of the ART superfamily that recognizes nucleic acid substrates via a positively charged RNA-binding surface adjacent to its catalytic site. Mutations within this surface disrupt both RNA binding and ADP-ribosylation activity, abolishing RhsP2's antibacterial function. We further demonstrate that RhsP2 binds distinct small regulatory RNAs with varying affinities, suggesting that both electrostatic interactions and shape complementarity contribute to RNA target selection. Together, our findings define the molecular determinants of nucleic acid recognition by an unusual RNA-targeting ART toxin.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".