The Relationship Between Frailty and Psychosocial Adjustment in Older Adults with COPD
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: Frailty in older adults can manifest through various symptoms; reduced oxygen capacity is one of its prominent indicators.As individuals age, the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a condition characterized by diminished oxygenation, also tends to increase.COPD and frailty can cause psychosocial adjustment difficulties.The study investigated the relationship between frailty and psychosocial adjustment in older adults with COPD. Materials and Methods:This descriptive-correlational study was conducted with 137 older patients who met the inclusion criteria.Data were collected using a patient identification form, the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale-self report (PAIS-SR), and the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS).Results: Participants had a mean PAIS-SR score of 54.37±12.91.They had a mean EFS score of 6.79±3.83.Age and COPD stage affected their median PAIS-SR scores (p<0.05).Age, education, occupation, and hospitalization also affected their EFS scores (p<0.05).There is a negative correlation between frailty and psychosocial adjustment.Moreover, the COPD stage and frailty are associated with psychosocial adjustment. Conclusion:The frailer the older COPD patients are, the lower their psychosocial adjustment.Poor psychosocial adjustment is associated with COPD stages and frailty.Age, education, hospitalization, and psychosocial adjustment are predictors of frailty.Older COPD patients with low education levels, advanced disease stages, and frequent hospitalizations should be assessed for frailty and psychosocial adaptation.Evaluating patients may help us detect frail patients with low adaptation levels.In that way, we can meet patients' monitoring and care needs in the early period.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".