Territorial rights, domination, and Indigenous-state treaty negotiations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Theories of territorial rights centering the self-determination of peoples argue that negotiated agreements are necessary to construct legitimate political institutions in cases marred by settler-colonial wrongdoing. Considering the Canadian treaty process, this paper argues that relations of power in political negotiations between Indigenous and settler peoples are often objectionably asymmetrical, providing for outsized settler political power over the terms of inter-group agreements. By avoiding consideration of the political and legal institutions giving rise to inter-group domination, contemporary theories of territorial rights have not yet provided an adequate account of the conditions necessary for the construction of a legitimate political order. Theorists must do more work to illuminate the root causes of asymmetrical power, and to specify the relevant standards for ‘sufficient symmetry’ of power and resources for treaty negotiations to result in legitimate institutions. Without doing so, our theories of territory are neither complete nor action-guiding, and risk being incoherent, implausible, or self-defeating.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.061 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".