DSP and DPP are dispensable for initiation of dentin and enamel mineralization but critical for circumpulpal dentin mineralization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dentin sialophosprotein (DSPP) is cleaved into the N-terminal dentin sialoprotein (DSP) proteoglycan and the C-terminal dentin phosphoprotein (DPP; the most acidic proteins in humans). To define the functions of DSP and DPP, we generated a Dspp−DPP mouse model using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and compared tooth mineralization in Dspp−DPP and Dspp−/− mice in the C57BL/6 background. In both mice, the initiation of dentin mineralization was associated with matrix vesicles. Odontoblasts appeared normal with odontoblastic processes. In Dspp−/− mice, limited mineralized dentin was observed. In Dspp−DPP/−DPP mice, dentin globules (calcospherites) with varied mineral density and unmineralized interglobular dentin were observed throughout the circumpulpal dentin. The area of predentin was smaller compared to Dspp−/− mice, but larger than wild-type mice. In Dspp−/− and Dspp−DPP/−DPP mice, enamel formation was comparable to wild-type. In both mice, Dmp1 expression in differentiating and differentiated odontoblasts was altered. We propose a model for dentin mineralization in which DSP, enriched in the peritubular dentin, propagates mineralization within the hypomineralized calcospherites in the intertubular dentin while DPP is essential for the maturation of calcospherite mineralization in the circumpulpal dentin. We conclude that DSP and DPP are dispensable for the initiation of dentin and enamel mineralization, but critical for circumpulpal dentin mineralization.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".