Unequal competition: the fate of domestic fisheries facing distant water fishing in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The growing presence of Distant Water Fishing (DWF) fleets has intensified competition for marine resources, particularly where domestic fisheries operate under weak governance. This study examines the interaction between DWF and domestic fleets in the Central Southwestern Atlantic Ocean using 15 years (2001–2016) of tuna fishery data from the Sea Around Us database. Key findings show that DWF fleets are more efficient, with higher catch per unit of effort (CPUE), and have increasingly encroached into the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) and even the Territorial Seas of coastal nations, traditionally reserved for small-scale fishers. From 2012 to 2016, domestic fleets consistently showed lower fishing effort and received lower tuna prices than DWF fleets. The growing presence of DWF nearshore pressures domestic fleets to seek subsidies to remain viable. The study underscores the need for stronger national and global regulatory frameworks to protect developing nations’ fisheries and ensure equitable, sustainable ocean resource use.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".