Vertical Bifilar Self-Resonant Coil for Electric Vehicle Wireless Power Transfer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article proposes a vertical bifilar self-resonant coil to replace the Litz wire and external compensation capacitors in the transmitter of a wireless electric vehicle (EV) charging system. Unlike traditional planar self-resonant coils, the vertical coil aligns with the magnetic field orientation, which reduces the impact from eddy and proximity effects, thereby reducing the ac copper loss. The vertical structure yields a high capacitance area, effectively lowering the resonant frequency. This makes self-resonance at 85 kHz viable, as required for EV charging. Meanwhile, the dielectric layer can be thicker than in planar coils due to the larger capacitance area, providing the high ac dielectric strength required for high-power charging. The vertical bifilar self-resonant transmitter coil is optimized through design procedures to minimize copper loss while meeting constraints such as resonant frequency, current density, and layer–layer voltage stress. The proposed coil structure is validated in a 3.3 kW EV wireless charging system, achieving a minimum dc efficiency of 92.47% at a lateral receiver misalignment of 150 mm.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".