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Record W4412375749 · doi:10.1109/icjece.2025.3572410

A Novel IoT-Enabled System for Real-Time Monitoring Home Appliances Using Petri Nets

2025· article· en· W4412375749 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
Cheng‐Ying Yang, Yinan Lin, Victor R.L. Shen, Frank H.C. Shen, Wun-Siang Jheng

Bibliographic record

VenueCanadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicSmart Grid Security and Resilience
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersMinistry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
KeywordsInternet of ThingsComputer scienceHumanitiesReal-time computingEmbedded systemArt

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Correct use of home appliances is intended to avoid property damage and life unsafety. Also, serious fire accidents can affect the safety of one’s neighborhood. Therefore, this study uses the Internet of Things (IoT) platform to build an intelligent system that aims to detect the temperature rise of home appliances. It is employed to monitor the usage states of home appliances in real time. Hereby, the microcontroller, node microcontrol unit (NodeMCU-32S), is used to develop an IoT platform combined with sensors for measuring ac voltage, current, and ambient temperature so that the electrical power and temperature rise of load (e.g., electric motor) can be detected. Meanwhile, the smart measurement system is integrated with mobile devices to upload the detected datasets to the Google cloud database system. Moreover, the verification of feasibility and soundness of a system model is performed by using the Petri net tool, WoPeD, for the purpose of eliminating the improper states to optimize the system performance. Finally, the experimental results show that the proposed IoT-enabled system has a promising precision of 94.17% and a recall of 92.26%, which obviously outperforms other existing state-of-the-art systems.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: Simulation or modeling
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.432
Threshold uncertainty score0.586

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.006
GPT teacher head0.186
Teacher spread0.180 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designSimulation or modeling
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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