A Case of Porto-Azygos Shunt with Segmental Caudal Vena Cava Aplasia in a Female Maltese Dog
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Segmental aplasia of the caudal vena cava (CdVC), also termed azygos continuation of the CdVC, is a rare congenital vascular anomaly in dogs. This anomaly is usually identified as an incidental finding during imaging studies performed for the evaluation of portosystemic shunts (PSS) or observed during anatomical dissection in laparotomy. A 6-month-old Maltese dog presented with vomiting and lethargy. Initially, symptomatic treatment was administered, but as the clinical signs recurred a few months later, advanced imaging was performed. Computed tomography (CT) showed a porto-azygos shunt and segmental CdVC aplasia. Surgical attenuation of the shunt resolved clinical signs, and liver biopsy results confirmed a diagnosis of hepatic microvascular dysplasia (HMD). To the authors’ knowledge, this is a rare case of a porto-azygos shunt with segmental CdVC aplasia in a Maltese dog in Korea. This report emphasizes the necessity of CT to identify complex vascular malformations that may accompany congenital PSS, ensuring accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".