Equations for modeling the shrinkage behavior of unsaturated soils
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The relationship between the soil volume and water content (i.e., either gravimetric or volumetric) is referred to as the soil shrinkage curve (SSC). Several researchers have proposed models for predicting the SSCs for fine-grained soils in the literature. However, a valid theoretical framework that can be reliably extended for modeling shrinkage curves is still lacking. In this study, a framework is proposed for modeling the SSCs by extending the assumption that the soil volume change under matric suction is strongly related to variation of pore size distribution. The assumption for modeling SSCs is consistent with the well-established method for modeling the soil water characteristics curves. The equations based on the proposed framework were found to be valuable in the reliable prediction of the shrinkage curves of various soils. The relationships between the proposed SSC equations and the widely used models from the literature are also discussed. The present study provides a new approach for modeling the SSCs that can be used for interpreting and modeling the complex hydro-mechanical behaviors of unsaturated soils.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".