Effects of floating macrophytes on open-water evaporation in a Brazilian tropical reservoir
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper aims to estimate the open-water evaporation (from 1990 to 2021) in an urban reservoir in Brazil and assess the relationship between floating macrophyte coverage (MC) and open-water evaporation, as well as their spatial variability. The Surface Energy Balance System for Water (AquaSEBS) provided similar (root mean square error of 0.5 mm/day) results to reference measurements of class A pan (correction coefficient of 0.7). The discharge of sewage into this urban tropical reservoir resulted in a portion of this reservoir being covered by floating macrophytes. During the study period, positive trends of floating MC area were observed. The days with floating macrophytes depicted higher spatial variability over the open-water evaporation. Furthermore, MC was negatively correlated with the open-water evaporation flux (R 2 = 0.65) and led on average to a 17 % reduction (varying from 9 % to 35 %) in the estimated evaporation rate in the free water surface. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate the usefulness of remote sensing products to estimate reservoir open-water evaporation and outline the need to better understand the relationship between MC and reservoir open-water evaporation in tropical and semi-arid areas.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".