Double-Oxalate-Bridged Ti<sup>IV</sup>–Zr<sup>IV</sup>-Heterometal Incorporated Germanotungstate for Condensation Reactions of Aldehydes and Malononitrile Accompanying the C═C Bond Formation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Heterometal incorporated polyoxometalates have attracted a high degree of attention due to their structural diversity and benign physicochemical properties. Herein, a double-oxalate-bridged Ti IV –Zr IV -heterometal incorporated germanotungstate [H 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 ] 16 H 4 [Ti 12 O 18 Zr 4 (OH) 4 (C 2 O 4 ) 2 (A-α-GeW 9 O 34 ) 4 ]·38H 2 O ( 1 ) has been synthesized and structurally characterized. The polyoxoanion of 1 is made up of four trivacant Keggin [A-α - GeW 9 O 34 ] 10– moieties bridged by a double-oxalate-bridged multinuclear Ti IV –Zr IV heterometallic [Ti 12 O 18 Zr 4 (OH) 4 (C 2 O 4 ) 2 ] 20+ cluster. 1 represents a rare example of an inorganic–organic hybrid Ti IV –Zr IV -heterometal incorporated Keggin-based germanotungstate to date. Furthermore, 1 as a heterogeneous catalyst can catalyze aldehydes with malononitrile to form a C═C bond at room temperature with excellent yields and cycling stability. In addition, the reaction mechanism of aldehydes with malononitrile in the presence of compound 1 was proposed and analyzed. This work not only reports an inorganic–organic hybrid Ti IV –Zr IV -heterometal incorporated germanotungstate but also provides the possibility for the further development of promising 3d–4d-heterometal incorporated polyoxometalates with potential applications in the field of catalysis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".