Enhanced production of biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate PHB plastic through the combination of eco-friendly materials by <i>Bacillus cereus</i> B52
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is an environmentally friendly polymer that is synthesized by bacteria and stored as a carbon source. One of the main problems in PHB production is the price of materials for production. This study aims to optimize environmentally friendly and affordable materials such as molasses, tofu wastewater, and coconut water to increase PHB yield. Statistical optimization with central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize materials in Bacillus cereus B52 (B. cereus B52) for PHB production. The concentration of molasses, tofu wastewater and coconut water were used as optimization parameters to increase the PHB yield. The optimization results resulted in the production of PHB yield of 1.45 ± 0.14 g/L. Chemical analysis was used to determine the biopolymer validation of PHB. In conclusion, production optimization using a combination of materials from molasses, tofu wastewater, and coconut water can increase PHB production in B. cereus B52.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".