« Il fut l'ami du pauvre » : Endettement, crédit et transactions foncières chez les Abénakis d'Odanak, 1830-1865
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: Au milieu du XIXe siècle, les Abénakis d'Odanak, une communauté de Première Nation située sur la rive est de la rivière Saint-François, sont intégrés aux réseaux de crédit locaux et régionaux des marchands ruraux qui se développent dans le monde laurentien. Par le biais des archives notariales, cet article explore les relations de crédit qui se tissent entre les W8banakiak et Ignace Gill, un marchand rural lié à cette communauté par l'adoption de ses arrière-grands-parents. En analysant de quelle manière ces relations de crédit ont pu permettre une appropriation des terres, des ressources et du travail des Abénakis, le cas de ce marchand permet d'aborder les interactions entre le capitalisme et le colonialisme d'implantation dans la colonie du Bas-Canada. Abstract: In the mid-nineteenth century, the Abenaki of Odanak, a First Nation community located on the east bank of the Saint-François River, were integrated into the local and regional credit networks of rural merchants that were developing in the Laurentian Valley. Using notarial archives, this article explores the credit relationships forged between the W8banakiak and Ignace Gill, a rural merchant linked to this community through his great-grandparents' adoption. In analyzing how these credit relationships led to the appropriation of Abenaki land, resources and labour, the case of this merchant provides an insight into the interactions between capitalism and colonialism in the Lower Canada colony.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".