Drug Dependence Severity and Associated Factors Among Cisgender Gay, Bisexual and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men in Japan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the severity of drug dependence and identify factors associated with high dependence among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) in Japan. Data were collected from a nationwide community-based online survey conducted from November 2022 to January 2023. gbMSM with a history of drug use completed the Japanese version of the Drug Abuse Screening Test-20 (DAST-20). Multivariable logistic regression explored factors linked to high DAST-20 scores. Of 4,472 cisgender gbMSM, 19.1% (853/4472) reported lifetime drug use, and 3.3% (146/4472) reported use in the past 12 months. Among 142 participants with a recent history of drug use, the most reported drugs were alkyl nitrites (38.7%, 55/142), methamphetamine (25.4%, 36/142), and cannabis (17.6%, 25/142). A total of 26.8% (38/142) had DAST-20 scores of 6 or higher, indicating intermediate to severe dependence. High DAST-20 scores (≥6) were associated with recent methamphetamine use (aOR: 6.85; 95% CI: 2.01-23.29), using drugs to escape reality (aOR: 3.17; 95% CI: 1.06-9.50), and fostering intimacy with the person recommending the drug (aOR: 3.97; 95% CI: 1.36-11.62). Expanding screening opportunities and ensuring access to psychosocial care are essential in providing tailored support services to gbMSM with diverse health needs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".