The Mediating and Moderating Role of Sleep Disturbance Between Chronic Pain and Psychological Distress: Evidence from Canadian Community Health Survey
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: Chronic pain can result in psychological distress. In addition, sleep disturbance is associated with both chronic pain and psychological distress. However, no study has comprehensively investigated the roles of sleep disturbance in the associations between pain and psychological distress in the general population. Our study aims to explore the mediating as well as the moderating effects of sleep disturbance between chronic pain and psychological distress in a national Canadian sample. Methods: Data were analyzed from the Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health (CCHS-MH), a national cross-sectional study comprised of adult respondents who provided information on chronic pain, sleep and psychological distress (N = 25,113). The 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10) was used to assess psychological distress. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to measure the mediating and moderating effects of sleep disturbance on the relationships between chronic pain and psychological distress. Results: Our findings indicated that sleep disturbance had both direct and indirect effects on psychological distress. Sleep disturbance partially mediated the relationships between chronic pain and psychological distress (β = 0.10, p < .05). The model accounts for 30.3% of the variance in psychological distress. Sleep disturbance also played a moderating role in the relationships between chronic pain and psychological distress. The pronounced moderation effect was found in the “no sleep disturbance group” (β = 0.20, p < .05). Conclusions: These results revealed that addressing sleep problems should be one of the targets of intervention and prevention for psychological distress among those individuals suffering from chronic pain.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it