Right posterior theta reflects human parahippocampal phase resetting by salient cues during goal-directed navigation
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Animal and computational work indicate that phase resetting of theta oscillations (4-12 Hz) in the parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) by salient events (e.g., reward, landmarks) facilitates the encoding of goal-oriented information during navigation. Although well studied in animals, this mechanism has not been empirically substantiated in humans. In the present article, we present data from two studies (Study 1: asynchronous electroencephalography (EEG)-magnetoencephalography (MEG) | Study 2: simultaneous EEG-fMRI) to investigate theta phase resetting and its relationship with PHG blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) activation in healthy adults (aged 18-34 years old) navigating a virtual T-maze to find rewards. In the first experiment, both EEG and MEG data revealed a burst of theta power over right-posterior scalp locations following feedback onset (termed right-posterior theta, RPT), and RPT power and measures of phase resetting were sensitive to the subject's spatial trajectory. In Experiment 2, we used probabilistic tractography data from the human connectome project to segment the anterior and posterior PHG based on differential connectivity profiles to other brain regions. This analysis resulted in a PHG subdivision consisting of four distinct anterior and two posterior PHG clusters. Next, a series of linear mixed effects models based on simultaneous EEG-fMRI data revealed that single-trial RPT peak power significantly predicted single-trial hemodynamic responses in two clusters within the posterior PHG and one in the anterior PHG. This coupling between RPT power and PHG BOLD was exclusive to trials performed during maze navigation, and not during a similar task devoid of the spatial context of the maze. These findings highlight a role of PHG theta phase resetting for the purpose of encoding salient information during goal-directed spatial navigation. Taken together, RPT during virtual navigation integrates experimental, computational, and theoretical research of PHG function in animals with human cognitive electrophysiology studies and clinical research on memory-related disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it