Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article presents a review of own and published data on current state of research on the widespread in the animal kingdom neurotransmitter, serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) in parasitic flatworms, trematodes. Parasitizing in various organs and tissues of humans and animals, representatives of this class of parasitic flatworms are causative agents of dangerous diseases that bring a great harm to a human health and large economic losses in agriculture. The nervous system of trematodes is well developed and regulate various vital functions of parasites. The review provides an analysis of the available data on the presence, localization and functional significance of serotonin in trematodes, its biosynthesis, metabolism and the interaction with their receptors. The relationships between the parasite and host were also discussed. The review contains tables with the list of adult and larval stages of trematodes studied so far in this regard, as well as the parthenogenetic generations of worms, in which tissues serotonin was identified. Micrographs illustrating the presence of serotonin-immunopositive nerve structures are also provided. The information issued in this manuscript will help to determine the ways and prospects for further researches in this field and search of the suitable targets for the directed action of antiparasitic drugs.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".