The Physical Activity, Imaging, and Ambulatory Testing (PHIAT) Project: Protocol for a High-Frequency Ambulatory Assessment Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Multiple independent lines of research on self-regulation point to executive cognitive ability (executive function/cognitive control) as a factor that underlies the capacity to successfully regulate one's thoughts, emotions, and behavior. Critically, while leading theories point to the role of executive control in modifying "in-the-moment" regulatory processes (eg, enacting physical activity, resisting a poor dietary choice, reflecting on a stressful experience), few studies have tested the executive hypothesis at this timescale. Moreover, given the normative changes in executive control across the adult lifespan, it is essential to understand how cognitive aging might impact these processes. Objective: The Physical Activity, Imaging, and Ambulatory Testing (PHIAT) project was designed to test how variation in executive control at multiple timescales (from moment-to-moment within days to age differences across decades) influences self-regulation across the adult lifespan. Methods: A 14-day, high-frequency, ambulatory assessment protocol was designed for this study. The study was conducted in a measurement burst design and included a 14-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) protocol involving 6 assessments per day. Ultra-brief ambulatory cognitive assessments of multiple domains of cognition were included in the EMA protocol. Throughout the measurement burst, participants also wore 3 activity monitors on the hip, thigh, and wrist to measure physical activity/exercise, measure sedentary behavior, and self-monitor physical activity behavior, respectively. Results: A total of 221 participants ranging from 18 to 89 years of age completed the PHIAT protocol over the course of 2021-2024, and data collection is complete. EMA data were collected from participants reflecting a wide range of psychosocial factors surrounding participation in health-promoting behaviors (motivation, intention, stress, built environment, and social cognitive factors). This EMA data stream is complemented by data from high-frequency, ambulatory cognitive assessments measuring processing speed, working memory capacity, inhibitory control, and divided/sustained attention administered 5 times per day throughout the 14-day burst. In addition, health-promoting behaviors, including sleep, diet, hydration, physical activity, and exercise, were assessed throughout the 14-day burst through a combination of EMA self-report and continuous activity monitoring. Conclusions: A rich, high-frequency dataset was generated by the PHIAT project that will provide a range of novel insights into the motivational factors, information processing, and environmental factors that surround self-regulation of health-promoting behavior.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.019 | 0.017 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.047 | 0.019 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".