Towards Sustainable Construction: A Simulation-Driven Evaluation of a 3D-Printed Building for DGNB Certification
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Green Buildings (GB) as a pathway to sustainability have emerged as a key solution to address the environmental impact of buildings throughout their lifecycle.GB certification systems offer a performance framework to achieve sustainability based on pre-assumed parameters during the construction and operation phases.This paper examines a case study of the German Sustainable Building Council (DGNB)'s New Construction International system as a certification body for a 3Dprinted research building.The key towards evaluating certification criteria includes the three sustainability pillars: environmental, economic, and sociocultural quality [1].Multiple simulation software programs were used to assess different aspects of building design to verify certification prior to construction initiation.Thermal simulation utilized DesignBuilder integrated with EnergyPlus to assess envelope performance, specifically cooling demand under hot and arid conditions.Visual comfort and accessibility were evaluated through DIAlux Evo with scene-specific lighting simulation and ISO 21542 compliance walkthroughs, verifying principles of inclusive design being matched [2].A Life Cycle Costing (LCC) analysis was performed using an interconnected Excel tool.Calculating the cost of construction, whole life cost, and maintenance projections introspective of the economic conditions of the region were also part of this study.Project results provide an evaluation of holistic building potential to be DGNB certified, suggesting optimization strategies based on results to ensure performance improvement across all required categories [3].Calculated results reveal enhanced performance in thermal comfort with 0 unmatched cooling hours achieved, indicating optimal indoor temperatures.Adaptive comfort standards revealed through simulation alignment with ASHARE 55 confirming high occupant satisfaction potential [4].Analysis conducted on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) confirmed efficient air circulation with improvements recommended for solar shading along exposed faades.Muscat's Extreme summers show peak cooling demands through energy simulation reports with the projected Energy Usage Intensity (EUI) being 355.77kWh/m^2/year.Visual comfort simulation showed compliance with uniformity and emergency lighting requirements for each building zone.Initial LCC revealed that 71% of the cost stem from initial construction procedure.Renewable energy integration reduces the long-term operational costs net impact by 42% enhancing overall economic feasibility.Assessment towards material procurement found that over 95% of construction components were locally sourced, minimising transport emissions according to DGNB.The 3D printed concrete mix utilised incorporates CEMEX D.fab additives that reduce embodied carbon to 320 CO eq/m for the same standard mortar volume [5].This demonstrates the value of simulation-based planning towards DGNB certification in hot climate zones like Oman Moreover, the project aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) [6] and supports the strategic objectives of Oman Vision 2040 [7], particularly in promoting sustainable urban development, innovation in construction technologies, and responsible resource management.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".