Improving the Compressive Strength of Concrete With Recycled Ground Glass
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper explores the use of recycled ground glass as a partial substitute for sand in concrete mixtures, aiming to enhance its mechanical properties, specifically compressive strength.Mixtures with glass replacements of 15%, 20%, and 25% were developed and tested, evaluating their performance at 7, 14, and 28 days.Experimental results indicate that using 15% ground glass increases compressive strength by 4.91% compared to standard concrete and improves workability without significantly affecting cohesion.In contrast, higher glass percentages increase the mixture's porosity, reducing its density and strength.Furthermore, the economic analysis shows a cost reduction of up to 1.94% with this optimal proportion.The research concludes that incorporating ground glass is a sustainable and economically viable alternative, as it promotes waste reuse and reduces the demand for natural sand, thereby mitigating the environmental impact associated with construction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".