Comparative Pull-Out Testing of Bars Used in NSM Strengthening: Preliminary Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The near-surface mounted (NSM) technique is a widely recognized method for strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) structures.While carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars are commonly used due to their high tensile strength and corrosion resistance, titanium alloy (TiA) bars offer a promising alternative where enhanced ductility and durability are required.This study presents preliminary observations from a direct pull-out test of TiA bars embedded in concrete using the NSM method.Differences in failure behavior were noted, offering insight into the mechanical interaction between reinforcement and adhesive.The findings are part of an ongoing study evaluating the feasibility of using TiA bars in NSM applications.These findings highlight the potential of TiA bars as a resilient and durable alternative to CFRP in NSM strengthening applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".