Bibliographic record
Abstract
The article explores the complex interactions between Portuguese Macao, established in 1557 within a small territory of approximately 2.78 km², and the High Qing, encompassing the reigns of Kangxi, Yongzheng, and Qianlong. It examines Macao as a borderland shaped by trade, the Catholic mission, and political complexity, which made it distinct. Initially, Macao was to guard the frontier alongside the Qing state after the Ming-Qing transition, yet it struggled for survival against restrictive maritime policies and the Qing state's border control. Being a financial gateway to the Canton market, it also functioned as a transfer station, shelter for missionaries, and occasionally a detention site. Despite the border gate erected in 1573 to delineate Macao's settlement, movement was never fully restricted. Its special position fostered collaboration and resistance, offering an exceptional opportunity for engagement. Hence, this article highlights a neglected aspect of Qing historiography, primarily focused on border strategy in Mongolia, Inner Asia, and Southwest China.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".