<em>In Ovo</em> Xenografting of Patient-Derived Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Cells (PDX-ALL)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study introduces a rapid, cost-effective, and efficient method for in ovo xenografting of patient-derived acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells, encompassing both B-cell and T-cell lineages. Using fertilized chicken embryos, we injected patient-derived B-ALL and T-ALL cells into the vasculature of embryos 11 days post-fertilization (11dpf). Remarkably, four days following the injection, the engrafted human leukemia cells exhibited significant survival, proliferation, and vascular colonization within the developing chicken embryo. By 15dpf, we detected a notable increase in CD10/CD19+ B-ALL and CD4/CD8+ T-ALL cells in blood samples from the embryo's vasculature, confirming successful engraftment. This system facilitates efficient and reproducible assessment of leukemia cell behavior in a living organism without the considerable costs and ethical constraints associated with other animal models. This rapid approach provides a high-throughput and biologically relevant in vivo platform for evaluating potential therapeutic compounds. The in ovo patient-derived xenograft (PDX)-ALL system presented here offers a promising tool for preclinical drug screening, mechanistic studies, and potentially for personalized medicine approaches in leukemia research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".