Novel direct effect of CCR2 receptor on follicle activation process
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: The regulation of primordial follicle activation is crucial for maintaining ovarian function, the duration of the reproductive phase, and fertility in women; therefore, we propose as our general objective to determine the physiological role of the chemokine receptor CCR2 within the follicular activation process. Methods: ) were cultured under different experimental groups: control (media alone), CCR2 antagonist (1µM), and recombinant chemokine CC-motif ligand 2 (CCL2) at two concentrations (10 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml) for 4 h or 48 h. At the end of the culture, the fragments were collected for RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, and quantitative real-time PCR (4 h) or fixed and processed for paraffin embedding (48 h) for hematoxylin and eosin staining or immunohistochemistry for Ki67, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and AKTp. Results: (100 ng/ml) compared to the control (p<0,05). Moreover, there was a significant increase in the percentage of transitional follicles (and a decrease in primordial follicles), together with an increase in oocyte diameter compared with the control and the antagonist groups (p<0.05). Also, in the presence of CCL2, a higher proportion of transitional and primary follicles immunolabeled for BrdU and Ki67 (p<0.05), as well as intense AKTp staining in the nucleus and cytoplasm of oocyte and granulosa cells of primordial, transitional and primary follicles, were observed. On the contrary, a lower proportion of BrdU and Ki67-positive follicles were observed in the antagonist group (p < 0,05). Conclusion: Our results show a direct effect of the chemokine CCL2 and a role of the CCR2/CCL2 system on the ovarian cortex, suggesting that the CCR2 receptor signaling in the ovarian cortex may regulate events critical for promoting the stimulation of the transition from primordial to primary follicles.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".