Unravelling corporate social responsibility dynamics: how firms respond to the Chinese new environmental protection law
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although corporate social responsibility (CSR) is widely recognized as a multi-dimensional construct, it remains unclear whether these dimensions function as substitutes or complements to one another. This uncertainty arises because decisions regarding the allocation of resources to different CSR dimensions are simultaneous and interrelated. To address this issue, we use an exogenous shock, namely China’s new Environmental Protection Law (NEWL), to examine how changes in corporate environmental responsibility (CER) engagement impact other CSR activities. Our findings suggest that increased CER engagement crowds out product-related CSR activities, primarily due to the overall CSR strategy and heightened environmental attention from top management. This research provides empirical evidence on the interactions between various CSR dimensions and offers insights into how regulatory changes shape CSR resource allocation in China. Moreover, our paper enhances our understanding of firms’ strategic decisions in balancing different CSR activities in the context of government-driven CSR in developing countries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".