First record of the tropical aphid Schoutedenia ralumensis (Hemiptera, Aphididae) from Cambodia, with a re-description of the oviparous females and DNA barcoding
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Schoutedenia Rübsaamen, 1905 (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Greenideinae) is a small aphid genus associated with woody Euphorbiaceae and Phyllanthaceae. Of its two recognised species, Schoutedenia ralumensis Rübsaamen, 1905 is widely distributed across Southeast Asia, India, Africa and along the eastern coast of Australia. Taxonomic difficulties arise from subtle morphological differences and an unusual life cycle in which all morphs may occur simultaneously. Moreover, the oviparous female remains inadequately described, limiting reliable identification and comparative analyses. Schoutedenia ralumensis is newly recorded from Cambodia on Phyllanthus sp. (Phyllanthaceae). The poorly-known morphology of oviparous females is re-described with live photographs, biometric measurements and photomicrographic illustrations. Additionally, DNA barcoding, based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COI) sequences, was performed on the Cambodian specimen and compared with available sequences, including one of S. emblica. Additionally, we propose the synonymisation of S. emblica under S. ralumensis as a conspecific variant. These findings expand the known distribution of S. ralumensis and contribute to a better understanding of aphid diversity in Cambodia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".