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Record W4412900598 · doi:10.1080/23311916.2025.2535692

Inclusive tool to assess lean manufacturing maturity and its relationship with the size or location of the company in Greater Montreal, Canada

2025· article· en· W4412900598 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.
aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.

Bibliographic record

VenueCogent Engineering · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldBusiness, Management and Accounting
TopicQuality and Supply Management
Canadian institutionsÉcole de Technologie SupérieurePolytechnique Montréal
FundersPolytechnique Montréal
KeywordsMaturity (psychological)Lean manufacturingBusinessManufacturingOperations managementManufacturing engineeringEngineeringMarketingPsychology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Manufacturing companies operate in aggressive environments and require high productivity for survival. This study examined the implementation status of lean manufacturing practices in a sample of Greater Montreal’s industries by assessing maturity levels and their relationship with the company profile. A survey questionnaire encompassing technical and non-technical practices was developed and distributed to a population of manufacturing companies in the primary and secondary sectors in Greater Montreal. The unit of analysis was the manufacturing system. Valid data were collected from 35 companies using the random sampling technique. Maturity indices were evaluated with the factor-weighting method, and maturity levels were subsequently assigned to each company. Based on ascending hierarchical classification and Fisher’s exact tests, the findings revealed a mitigated maturity level in technical practices (average index of 51.554%), influenced by location (p-value = 0.018) and size (p-value = 0.08). However, non-technical practices exhibited a high maturity level (average index of 74%) linked to company size (p-value = 0.005).

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.832
Threshold uncertainty score0.970

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.016
GPT teacher head0.216
Teacher spread0.200 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it