Hydrothermal synthesis of iron oxides in the presence of catecholate capping agent for supercapacitor electrodes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Caffeic acid (CA) is used as a capping agent for hydrothermal synthesis of iron oxides from FeCl 2 and FeCl 3 solutions. Iron oxide nanoparticles are utilized for the fabrication of supercapacitor anodes with mass loading of 40 mgcm −2 for operation in 0.5 M Na 2 SO 4 electrolyte. Nanoparticles of γ-Fe 2 O 3 , prepared from FeCl 2 solutions show ferrimagnetic properties and highest electrochemical capacitance of 4.49 Fcm −2 . The synthesis from FeCl 3 solutions results in the formation of antiferromagnetic α-Fe 2 O 3 phase at low CA concentrations, its transformation to the metastable γ-Fe 2 O 3 with increasing CA concentration and highest electrochemical capacitance of 4.35 Fcm −2 . The increase in CA concentration in solutions results in increasing capacitance and decreasing resistance. The obtained γ-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles exhibit valuable magnetic and electrical charge storage properties that are significantly superior to those of other magnetoelectric materials.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".