Treatments for Prolonged Grief Disorder: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Previous reviews on Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) treatments were done before it became an official diagnosis, which makes it important to compare the effectiveness of current psychological and pharmacological interventions. In our systematic review and network meta-analysis, multiple databases were searched for randomized controlled trials up to November 2023. The primary outcome was reduction in PGD symptoms, while the secondary outcomes were reduction in symptoms of depression and PTSD. The search strategy resulted in a final sample of 40 eligible studies, which contained data from 4566 participants. This study showed that the most effective treatments for PGD contained an element of exposure, social support, narrative reconstruction, artistic expression, and a cognitive-behavioral aspect. Our study provides a comprehensive synthesis of available evidence on the effectiveness of psychological PGD treatments in adults. However, there was insufficient data for pediatric treatments and pharmacological interventions. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023477050).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.012 | 0.030 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.016 | 0.021 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".