An Evaluation of Enteropathogen-Specific Disease Severity and Duration in Children With Acute Gastroenteritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Our primary objectives were to describe pathogen-specific symptom severity and duration in a prospective cohort study of children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Our secondary objective was to quantify health care resource utilization. METHODS: This secondary analysis of 2 trials included children aged 3 to 48 months with AGE. Children were eligible if they had ≥3 watery stools in the preceding 24 hours and were brought to the Emergency Department. Disease severity was quantified by frequency and duration of vomiting and diarrhea, and the Modified Vesikari Scale score. We used descriptive statistics to summarize severity and regression models to identify associations between pathogen type and outcomes. RESULTS: In total, 1565 trial participants had pathogen testing performed and completed follow-up. Viral pathogens were identified in 47.9% (749/1565) and bacterial pathogens in 5.9% (92/1565). Norovirus (322/1565; 20.6%) was the most frequently identified pathogen. Diarrhea duration was greatest (median 160h, IQR: 98, 216) for children with Salmonella . Vomiting (aOR: 11.02; 95% CI: 7.47, 16.26) occurred more commonly in children with viruses compared with bacteria. The mean duration of diarrhea was shorter for viruses compared with bacteria (aIRR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.96). Mean MVS scores were higher in children with viruses compared with those with bacteria (coefficient: 1.64, 95% CI: 0.46, 2.82). CONCLUSIONS: We describe the clinical course of viral and bacterial pathogens. Although statistically significant, differences in symptom severity across pathogens were not clinically meaningful for distinguishing between them based on symptoms alone.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".