Bioinspired approaches to encapsulate and deliver bacterial live biotherapeutic products
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bacteria-based therapies such as live biotherapeutic products (LBPs) allow for the in situ production of bioactive and therapeutic compounds, offering immense potential in the treatment of numerous diseases, including colitis, cancer, and metabolic diseases. While promising, LBPs face numerous delivery barriers that limit their translational potential. Many of these challenges stem from the specific requirements of delivering living bacteria, necessitating delivery systems with distinctive features beyond traditional drug delivery approaches. By taking inspiration from natural biological systems such as bacterial membranes, capsules, and biofilms, researchers can build upon fundamental biological insights combined with advances in materials science, chemical biology, and bioengineering to develop next-generation LBP delivery systems. In this review, we will cover the current progress in bacterial LBPs and major barriers to their delivery. We will then discuss in depth the different bioinspired LBP delivery systems that have been developed and highlight challenges that must be addressed for this nascent field to advance and achieve widespread clinical translation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".