Risk-adjusted Momentum Strategy Construction and Industry Heterogeneity Analysis Based on STARR Indicator
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study proposes a risk-adjusted momentum strategy based on the STARR (Stable Tail-adjusted Return Ratio) indicator and investigates its performance across different industry sectors in the U.S. and Japanese equity markets. Using monthly data from 2010 to 2025, the strategy constructs Sharpe- and STARR-based momentum factors and applies mean-variance optimization to industry-level ETFs from the S&P 500 and Nikkei 225. Empirical results show that the STARR-based strategy offers superior downside risk control, particularly under extreme market conditions such as the COVID-19 crisis. Moreover, performance varies significantly across sectors and volatility regimes, confirming the presence of industry heterogeneity. The strategy demonstrates robust performance through various parameter configurations and cross-market validation. These findings suggest that incorporating downside-sensitive metrics like CVaR into momentum signal construction can enhance risk-adjusted returns and improve portfolio stability in diverse market environments. This research aims to evaluate the STARR-based momentum strategy's effectiveness across heterogeneous industries under uncertain market conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".