Quasi-orthogonal space-time coding for backscatter communications with multiple-antenna tags
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Existing orthogonal space-time block coding (OSTBC) schemes for backscatter communication systems cannot achieve a full transmission code rate when the tag is equipped with more than two antennas. In this paper, we propose a quasi-orthogonal spacetime block code (QOSTBC) that can achieve a full transmission code rate for backscatter communication systems with a four-antenna tag and then extend the scheme to support tags with 2<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sup> antennas. Specifically, we first present the system model for the backscatter system. Next, we propose the QOSTBC scheme to encode the tag signals. Then, we provide the corresponding maximum likelihood detection algorithms to recover the tag signals. Finally, simulation results are provided to demonstrate that our proposed QOSTBC scheme and the detection algorithm can achieve a better transmission code rate or symbol error rate performance for backscatter communication systems compared with benchmark schemes.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
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