Precision calculation of <sup>4,6,8</sup> He isotope shifts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Standard perturbation theory is employed to calculate the mass shifts of the 2 1 S 0 –2 3 S 1 and 2 3 S 1 –2 3 P J transitions for 4,6,8 He. High-precision results are obtained for the mass shifts in the isotope pairs 6 He– 4 He and 8 He– 4 He, with uncertainties below 1 part per million (ppm). Our analysis provides a complete set of isotope-shift results and systematically examines their sensitivity to nuclear charge-radius differences. Once experimental measurements reach a precision comparable to that of the calculated mass shifts, the squared differences of nuclear charge radii can be determined with an accuracy of approximately 0.4%–0.6%, representing an order-of-magnitude improvement over current values.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".