Spared cognitive and social function following perinatal ablation of ATRX despite transient microglia dysregulation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Mutations in the chromatin-remodelling factor ATRX underlie syndromic ID and ASD, yet the contribution of microglial ATRX to early brain development remains unknown. We used a tamoxifen-inducible Cx3cr1-CreERT2 system to delete Atrx in microglia during the first postnatal week, achieving >90% recombination at one month of age. At both one and three months, ATRX-null microglia displayed a sustained increase in CD68-positive phagocytic foci and in Ki67+ proliferative microglia, but an unexpected ∼20% reduction in microglial density, despite only modest evidence of caspase-3-mediated apoptosis. A comprehensive behavioural battery conducted between three and six months revealed normal anxiety, locomotion, learning, memory, social interaction and sensory gating, coinciding with a decline in knockout efficiency to ∼45% in cortex and ∼75% in hippocampus, suggestive of microglial repopulation by ATRX-expressing cells. These findings demonstrate that perinatal loss of ATRX drives chronic microglial reactivity and turnover with no discernable effects on neurobehaviours, suggesting a developmental resilience of neural circuits to transient microglial dysregulation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".