Impact of microbial entrapment on sulfate-reducing bacteria performance and stability with temperature disturbances
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) can treat Acid and Metalliferous Drainage (AMD); however, process stability is challenging. This study evaluated microbial entrapment technology as an alternative solution by entrapping SRB in a porous hydrogel matrix, creating a stable microenvironment, while allowing diffusion of nutrients and gases. Two sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were operated over 210 days: one with entrapped SRB (ESRB) and the other with non-entrapped SRB. The ESRB system exhibited greater sulfate reduction efficiency and operational resilience. It maintained rates of 0.71 ± 0.06 and 0.86 ± 0.05 g SO 4 2− /L/day during two 25-day operational periods with temperature drops from 24 °C to 15 °C. The non-entrapped SRB system dropped to 0.00 ± 0.00 and 0.12 ± 0.03 g SO 4 2− /L/day, respectively. Microbial community analysis revealed an increased proportion of SRB in the ESRB system. Compression tests and OD 600 confirmed bead integrity and biomass retention. This study supports the applicability of ESRB for AMD treatment.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".