Cognitive Dysfunction in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus During Pregnancy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PROBLEM: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by an abnormal immune response, leading to elevated levels of autoantibodies that may distress the hepatic, renal, and central nervous systems. Cognitive dysfunction (CD) is the second most common neuropsychiatric symptom reported in SLE patients, after headache. CD has been linked to increased liver serum markers and kidney dysfunction in SLE patients. However, CD has not been previously described in pregnant women with SLE, although it can significantly impact decision-making and quality of life during pregnancy. Our primary goal was to assess the prevalence of CD in pregnant women with quiescent SLE (QSLE). Additionally, we aimed to describe the correlation between CD and serum levels of autoantibodies, complement system components, and hepatic and renal serology. METHOD OF STUDY: We conducted a cross-section study involving QSLE pregnant women (n = 63) and healthy pregnant controls (n = 52) in their third trimester. CD was assessed using the MoCA test. Biochemical determinations were performed by ELISA, and clinical data for creatinine and urea were also analyzed. RESULTS: Higher CD rates were observed in QSLE pregnant women (30.16 %, QSLE CD(+)) compared to the healthy group (5.7%, CTR CD(+)). Serum levels of liver (ALT: QSLE CD(+) 65.9 ± 26.5 vs. QSLE CD(-) 39.9 ± 14.6, p = 0.00) and renal markers (urea: QSLE CD(+) 6.27 ± 2.1 vs. QSLE CD(-) 3.3 ± 1.1, p = 0.00) were significantly elevated in QSLE CD(+) pregnant women. AST and ALT showed a significant correlation with the MoCA score for QSLE CD(+) patients. CONCLUSIONS: MoCA total score, as well as attention, visuospatial/executive, and abstraction domains were found to be impaired in QSLE CD(+) pregnant patients. Subclinical liver and kidney dysfunction were associated with cognitive impairment in QSLE pregnant women.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".