AUF1 mitigates retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in glaucoma by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the protective effects of AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 (AUF1) on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in a model of retinal injury, focusing on its interaction with the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 / heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) signalling pathway. METHODS: Using a combination of histological, molecular, and flow cytometry analyses, we evaluated retinal thickness, apoptosis, and gene/protein expression in four experimental groups: one control, one model, and 2 intervention groups-AUF1 and AUF1+Nrf2/HO-1 inhibitor. RESULTS: The results revealed that compared to the control group, the model group and the AUF1+Nrf2/HO-1 inhibitor group exhibited significant retinal damage, characterized by reduced retinal thickness and increased RGC apoptosis. Notably, the AUF1 intervention group showed a marked increase in retinal thickness and a significant reduction in RGC apoptosis, indicating that AUF1 overexpression protects RGCs from ischemic injury. Further analysis through Western blotting and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that AUF1 overexpression led to increased expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins and mRNA, while inhibition of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway reversed these effects. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that AUF1 mediates its protective effects through activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, offering a potential therapeutic target for retinal diseases involving RGC apoptosis. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms by which AUF1 regulates retinal cell survival and highlights the importance of the Nrf2/HO-1 signalling axis in retinal protection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".