Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Within its overall goal of peasant proprietorship, the Empire was attentive to local socio-political realities and adjusted its expectations for each colony. The different expectations explain the diversity in the extent of security of tenure and the form it took in the three colonies. The imperial approach did not necessarily involve transplanting laws from one colony to another. Instead, it used the broad logic of shared and relative rights and their implications for land improvement to overcome the resistance from those who believed in landowners’ absolute to property. Peasant proprietorship was either fully implemented (in the case of Prince Edward Island) or solidified (in both Punjab and Ireland) by the 1880s. More importantly, the subsequent expansion of the scope of multi-directional inter-colony analogies expanded peasant proprietorship in several colonial contexts, and some of the ideas also made their way to influence English land tenures. Collectively, this encompassed a fundamental institutional change for the British Empire. Chapter 9 concludes by discussing some implications of the study to contemporary debates about property rights for marginalised groups.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.022 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".