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Record W4413208437 · doi:10.2196/73940

Impact of a Free Influenza Vaccination Policy on Older Adults in Zhejiang, China: Cross-Sectional Survey of Vaccination Willingness and Determinants

2025· article· en· W4413208437 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
Yusui Zhao, Jinhang Xu, Xuehai Zhang, Yue Xu, Xiaotong Yan

Bibliographic record

VenueJMIR Human Factors · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicInfluenza Virus Research Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPreprintVaccinationCross-sectional studyChinaVaccination policyMedicineEnvironmental healthVirologyGeography

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Background: In 2024, Zhejiang Province introduced a new policy offering free influenza vaccinations to individuals aged 60 years and older. However, the vaccination willingness among the newly eligible 60-69 years age group remains ambiguous in comparison to those aged 70 years and older. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the willingness of individuals aged ≥60 years in Zhejiang Province, China, to receive free influenza vaccines under a newly implemented policy. It further explored their sources of influenza-related health information and identified key determinants of vaccination hesitancy across age subgroups. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using multistage convenience sampling via on-site questionnaires. Structured questionnaires were administered to 7162 eligible participants aged ≥60 years from March to May 2024. Valid responses (n=7103; response rate: 99.18%) were analyzed via logistic regression and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: Overall vaccination willingness was 73.15% (5196/7103), with 11.71% (832/7103) refusal and 15.14% (1075/7103) hesitancy. Key predictors of hesitancy included male gender (odds ratio [OR] 1.27, 95% CI 1.05-1.54), ages 60-69 years (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06-2.02), corporate employment (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.58-0.98), and absence of chronic diseases (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.44-2.96). The 60-69 year age group demonstrated lower awareness of the free policy (61.9% vs 73.72% in the ≥70 years group; H=61.25, P<.001) but higher engagement with social media (WeChat [Tencent Holdings Limited]: H=345.44; TikTok [ByteDance Ltd]: H=294.66; P<.001) for health information. Conclusions: Despite high willingness, knowledge gaps persist, particularly among adults aged 60-69 years. Targeted dissemination of policy information via social media platforms (eg, WeChat and TikTok) and community-driven campaigns is recommended to enhance vaccination uptake. This approach may serve as a model for regions implementing similar policies. Future studies should track actual vaccination uptake postpolicy and explore artificial intelligence-driven social media interventions to boost engagement.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.007
Threshold uncertainty score0.998

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.062
GPT teacher head0.463
Teacher spread0.401 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations6
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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