The Holocene sedimentary record of Mittie Glacier dynamics in Smith Bay, Ellesmere Island (eastern Canadian Arctic Archipelago)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT The physical, sedimentological, mineralogical, and elemental geochemical properties of sediment cores collected in Smith Bay (22BC and 01PC), and near the front of Mittie Glacier (23BC and 01GC), were used to reconstruct glacial sediment discharge and trace the long‐term composition and provenance of detrital sediments for the northeastern part of Manson Icefield, southeast Ellesmere Island, over the last 9.2 cal ka BP. The mineralogical and geochemical signatures of core 01GC support the hypothesis of the gradual opening of Nares Strait between 8.8 and 8.2 cal ka BP and suggest a progressive retreat of glaciers surrounding Smith Bay. Lower sedimentation rates (<14 cm ka−1) recorded in core 01GC during the Middle Holocene, combined with the presence of coarse‐grained sediments, indicate a landward retreat of Mittie Glacier and sea‐ice free conditions during summer in Smith Bay from 5.4 to 3 cal ka BP. During the Late Holocene, the deposition of six coarse‐grained layers close to Mittie Glacier seems to have been triggered by subglacial lake discharges upstream of its western arm. The only known surge of Mittie Glacier, recorded between 1992 and 2007, is identified in the core 23BC by a marked increase in coarse‐grained sediment input.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".