تحولات العملة المغربية أواخر القرن 19 مع تقديم وتخريج رسالة العربي المشرفي: "ورقات في رواج السكة بالمغرب"
Bibliographic record
Abstract
شكلت تحولات العملة إحدى مظاهر الأزمة الاقتصادية التي عرفها المغرب خلال القرن 19، وقد خلق تغير النقود خلافات واسعة بين المتعاملين بها من التجار والحرفيين وعامة الناس، الأمر الذي دفع الكثير من الفقهاء وأهل الرأي إلى الدخول في جدال فقهي ومعرفي، من أجل التصدي للمشاكل والخلافات التي تحصل بين الفاعلين في المجال الاقتصادي داخل المجتمع المغربي، ويعتبر العربي المشرفي من بين الفقهاء الذين كانت لهم إفادات هامة في الموضوع، وذلك من خلال الرسالة التي ألفها في هذا الباب، والتي جاءت حاملة للكثير من المعطيات التاريخية والفقهية المرتبطة بالمعاملات التجارية وتحول صرف النقود، حيث استند فيها على الطبيعة المحافظة للمجتمع المغربي، لكي يستدعي العقل الأخلاقي، في محاولة حلحلة هذه الأوضاع المستجدة، ورسم معالم جديدة لنظام التبادل النقدي. نحاول من خلال هذه الورقة أن نطرح موضوع العملة وتغير قيمة النقود المغربية خلال الربع الأخير من القرن 19، وذلك بتقديم وتخريج رسالة العربي المشرفي التي يوم فاتح نوفمبر 1986، وعنونها بـ "ورقات في رواج السكة بالمغرب". Currency transformations were one of the manifestations of the economic crisis that Morocco experienced during the 19th century. The changes in currency led to widespread disputes among traders, artisans, and the public. This situation prompted many scholars and intellectuals to engage in a legal and intellectual debate to address the conflicts arising among economic actors in Moroccan society. Al-Arabi Al-Musharafi was among the scholars who made significant contributions to this topic through his treatise, which contains valuable historical and jurisprudential insights related to commercial transactions and currency exchange fluctuations. In his work, he relied on the conservative nature of Moroccan society to invoke moral reasoning in an attempt to resolve these emerging issues and outline new foundations for the monetary exchange system. Through this paper, we aim to explore the topic of currency and the fluctuation of Moroccan money’s value during the last quarter of the 19th century by presenting and analyzing Al-Arabi Al-Musharafi’s treatise, which he authored on November 1, 1896, under the title "Waraqat fi Ruwaj As-Sikka bil-Maghrib" (Pages on the Circulation of Currency in Morocco).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.290 | 0.270 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".